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Geography (Subscribe) Geographic terms, definitions, and concepts.

Land Terms

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Range

1. A measurement used in the United States Public Lands Survey System (PLSS), consisting of a strip of land six miles wide, running in a north-south direction.
2. A row or tier of townships lying east or west of the principal meridian and numbered successively to the east and to the west from the principal meridian. Abbreviated as R1E (range 1E), R2E (range 2 east), R1W (range 1 west), and so on.

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Reef

A ridge of rock, coral, or sand at or near the surface of a body of water.

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Reliction

Definition: The gradual and permanent acquisition of dry, usable land due to receding waters in a non-navigable waterway.

Terms, Definitions, and Concepts: Agriculture, Geography, Hydrology, Real Estate, Science, Survey, Water

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Reserve

Definition:
1. Finance: Cash or other liquid assets held back by a business to cover both anticipated and unforeseen costs and expenses.
2. Biology, Conservation, Forestry: Land that has been saved or set aside in order to preserve its natural qualities, structure, function, or composition; land where development is prohibited or only limited development may occur. Example: Forest reserve, Bio-reserve, Wildlife reserve, Watershed reserve, etc.

Terms, Definitions, and Concepts: Biology, Conservation and Sustainability, Ecology, Finance and Investment, Forestry, Geography, Hydrology, Management, Real Estate, Restoration, Science and Research, Water, Wildlife

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Reservoir

Definition: A natural or artificial body of water used to collect and store water for future use, usually formed by damming a free-flowing watercourse, such as a river or stream; reservoirs also serve as mechanisms to regulate and control water's flow.

Terms, Definitions, and Concepts: Agriculture, Ecology, Geography, Hydrology, Science, Water

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Right bank

The bank of a stream or river channel located to the right as one faces in the direction of the current (downstream).

Terms, Definitions, and Concepts: Geography, Hydrology, Science, Water

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Rod

A unit of length used in land surveys. The terms, rods, poles, and perches are equivalent and may be used interchangeably, although "rod" is the most common. One (1) rod is equal to 25 links, 16.5 feet, or 1/4 (0.25) chain. For conversions and examples, see Rod, pole, or perch equivalents and conversions and the various Converting rods, poles, or perches to... entries.

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Rod, pole, or perch equivalents and conversions

A rod is a unit of length used in land surveys.
One (1) rod is equal to one (1) pole or perch.
One (1) rod is equal to 16.5 feet.
One (1) rod is equal to 0.25 chains.
One (1) rod is equal to 25 links.
One (1) rod is equal to 0.025 furlongs.
One (1) rod is equal to 198 inches.
One (1) rod is equal to 5.5 yards.
One (1) rod is equal to 0.0031 miles.
One (1) rod is equal to 502.92 centimeters.
One (1) rod is equal to 5.0292 meters.
One (1) rod is equal to 0.00503 kilometers.

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Rood

Unit of area measurement equal to 1/4 (0.25) acre, 40 square rods, or 10,890.0 square feet. For more rood conversions, see rood conversions or equivalents or converting roods.

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Rood equivalents and conversions

One (1) rood is equal to 1/4 (0.25) acre. One (1) rood is equal to 40 square rods. One (1) rood is equal to 2.5 square chains. One (1) rood is equal to 10,890.0 square feet. One (1) rood is equal to 1,210.0square yards. One (1) rood is equal to 0.2959 arpents. One (1) rood is equal to 0.0004 sections or square miles. One (1) rood is equal to 0.00001 townships. One (1) rood is equal to 1,011.7141 square meters. One (1) rood is equal to 0.1012 hectares. One (1) rood is equal to 0.001 square kilometers.

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Section

A section is a tract of land approximately one (1) mile square and containing 640 acres, within a township. Sections are used in the government rectangular survey system (U.S. Public Lands Survey). Each section is approximately 1/36th (0.0278) of a township. Irregularities exist due to the curvature of the earth; these irregularities are corrected for in the northern and western tiers of sections in each township. One (1) section is equal to 640 acres, one (1) mile square, one (1) square mile, and 27,878,400 square feet.

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Section equivalents or conversions

One (1) section of a township is one (1) mile square and has an area of one (1) square mile. One (1) section is equal to 640 acres. One (1) section is equal to 27,878,400 square feet. One (1) section is equal to 2.59 square kilometers. One (1) section is equal to 3,097,600 square yards. One (1) section is equal to 102,399.59 square rods, poles, or perches. One (1) section is equal to 6,399.9744 square chains. One (1) section is equal to 2,560.0 roods. One (1) section is equal to 757.5523 arpents. One (1) section is equal to 0.0278 (1/36th) townships. One (1) section is equal to 2,589,988.1103 square meters. One (1) section is equal to 258.9988 hectares.

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Sitch

As related to verbage on a map or terrier maps, it is land next to a stream

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Source

The beginning or point of origin for a stream or river. The source of a river may be springs, the confluence of small streams, lakes, or snowmelt.
Also known as a river's headwaters.

Terms, Definitions, and Concepts: Ecology, Forestry, Geography, Hydrology, Science, Water

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Square chain

A unit of area measurement (square measure) that is one (1) Gunter's or surveyor's chain in length on each side. There are ten (10) square chains in one (1) acre of land. One (1) square chain is equal to 4,356.0 square feet or 404.687 square meters.

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Square chain equivalents or conversions

One (1) square chain is equal to 4,356.0 square feet. One (1) square chain is equal to 484.002 square yards. One (1) square chain is equal to 404.687 square meters. One (1) square chain is equal to 16.0 square rods, poles, or perches. One (1) square chain is equal to 0.4 roods. One (1) square chain is equal to 0.1184 arpents. One (1) square chain is equal to 0.1 acres. One (1) square chain is equal to 0.0405 hectares. One (1) square chain is equal to 0.0004 square kilometers. One (1) square chain is equal to 0.0002 square miles or sections. One (1) square chain is equal to 0.000004 townships.

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Square foot (feet)

A unit of area measurement (square measure) that is one (1) foot long on each side. One (1) acre of land contains 43,560 square feet. One (1) square foot is equal to 0.09 square meters.

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Square foot (feet) equivalents or conversions

One (1) square foot is equal to 0.0929 square meters. One (1) square foot is equal to 0.1111 square yards. One (1) square foot is equal to 0.0037 square rods, poles, or perches. One (1) square foot is equal to 0.0002 square chains. One (1) square foot is equal to 0.00002 acres. One (1) foot is equal to 0.000009 hectares. One (1) square foot is equal to 0.00009 roods. One (1) square foot is equal to 0.00003 arpents.

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Square kilometer

A common unit of metric area measurement that is one (1) kilometer in length on each side. One (1) square kilometer is equal to 1,000,000 square meters, 100 hectares, or 0.386 square miles.

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Square kilometer equivalents or conversions

One (1) square kilometer is equal to 1,000,000 square meters. One (1) square kilometer is equal to 100 hectares. One (1) square kilometer is equal to 0.3861 square miles. One (1) square kilometer is equal to 247.10538 acres. One (1) square kilometer is equal to 10,763,910.42 square feet. One (1) square kilometer is equal to 1,195,990.046 square yards. One (1) square kilometer is equal to 39,536.703 square rods, poles, or perches. One (1) square kilometer is equal to 2,471.044 square chains. One (1) square kilometer is equal to 988.422 roods. One (1) square kilometer is equal to 292.4926 arpents. One (1) kilometer is equal to 0.0107 townships.

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Square measure

1. A system of area measurement, notably that in which one (1) square foot is equal to 144 square inches or one (1) square meter is equal to 10,000 square centimeters. 2. A system of land surveying, mapping and measurement which uses the Gunter's or surveyor's chain as a base unit.

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Square meter

A unit of area measurement (square measure) that is one (1) meter long on each side. One (1) hectare of land contains 10,000 square meters. One (1) square meter is equal to 1.196 square yards or 10.764 square feet.

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Square meter equivalents or conversions

One (1) square meter is equal to 10.764 square feet. One (1) square meter is equal to 1.196 square yards. One (1) square meter is equal to 0.0395 square rods, poles, or perches. One (1) square meter is equal to 0.0025 square chains. One (1) square meter is equal to 0.001 roods. One (1) square meter is equal to 0.0003 arpents. One (1) square meter is equal to 0.00025 acres. One (1) square meter is equal to 0.0001 hectares. One (1) square meter is equal to 0.000001 square kilometers. One (1) hectare is equal to 10,000 square meters. One (1) square kilometer is equal to 1,000,000 square meters. One (1) square meter is equal to 10,000 square centimeters.

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Square mile

A unit of area measurement used in the English measurement and Government Rectangular Survey systems. One (1) square mile is equal to one section (1/36th) of a township, or 640 acres. See square mile equivalents or converting square miles for more conversions and equivalents.

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Square mile equivalents or conversions

One (1) square mile is equal to one (1) section of a township. One (1) square mile is equal to 640 acres. One (1) square mile is equal to 27,878,400 square feet. One (1) square mile is equal to 2.59 square kilometers. One (1) square mile is equal to 3,097,600 square yards. One (1) square mile is equal to 102,399.59 square rods, poles, or perches. One (1) square mile is equal to 6,399.9744 square chains. One (1) square mile is equal to 2,560.0 roods. One (1) square mile is equal to 757.5523 arpents. One (1) square mile is equal to 0.0278 (1/36th) townships. One (1) square mile is equal to 2,589,988.1103 square meters. One (1) square mile is equal to 258.9988 hectares.

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