Forestry
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Terms, definitions, and concepts related to the art and science of forest and timber management.
Land Terms
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One (1) acre equals 43,560 square feet. One (1) acre equals ten (10) square chains. One (1) acre equals 160 square rods, poles, or perches. One (1) acre equals 4,840 square yards. One (1) acre equals 4,046.856 square meters. One (1) acre equals 0.4047 hectares. One (1) acre equals 0.0016 square miles or sections. One (1) acre equals 0.004 square kilometers. One (1) acre equals 0.0000434 townships. One (1) acre equals 1.183676 arpents. One (1) acre equals 4.0 roods.
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Unit of area measurement (usually applied to land) equal to approximately 5/6th of an acre, used in France, Louisiana, and Quebec. One (1) arpent is equal to 0.8448 acres or about 36,800 square feet. For more arpent conversions, see arpent equivalents or conversions or converting arpents.
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One (1) arpent is equal to approximately 5/6th of an acre. One (1) arpent is equal to 0.8448 acres. One (1) arpent is equal to 36,800.6256 square feet. One (1) arpent is equal to 4,088.9584 square yards. One (1) arpent is equal to 135.1716 square rods, poles, or perches. One (1) arepent is equal to 8.4482 square chains. One (1) arpent is equal to 3.3793 roods. One (1) arpent is equal to 0.0013 square miles or sections. One (1) arpent is equal to 0.000037 townships. One (1) arpent is equal to 3,18.89 square meters. One (1) arpent is equal to 0.3419 hectares. One (1) arpent is equal to 0.0034 square kilometers.
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On a per tree basis, basal area is the surface area in square feet of the cross section of the tree bole at breast height. On a per acre basis, it expresses the total basal area for all trees within that acre. It is an efficient and logical measurement of stand density and is the basis for many silvicultural prescriptions and forest management activities.
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Plural form of board foot. A board foot is a lumber measurement equal to a board or plank of wood 1 inch thick and 12 inches on each side. The formula for calculating board feet of sawed lumber is
bd ft = thickness(in) x width(in) x length(ft)/12. For example, a board that is 1 inch thick, 12 inches wide, and 10 feet long contains 10 board feet of lumber (1x12x10/12=10).
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1. A lumber measurement equal to a board or plank of wood 1 inch thick and 12 inches on each side. The formula for calculating board feet of sawed lumber is
bd ft = thickness(in) x width(in) x length(ft)/12. For example, a board that is 1 inch thick, 12 inches wide, and 10 feet long contains 10 board feet of lumber (1x12x10/12=10).
2. An estimate of the volume of lumber in logs or standing trees using a log rule.
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1. A board foot is a lumber measurement equal to a board or plank of wood 1 inch thick and 12 inches on each side. The formula for calculating board feet of sawed lumber is
bd ft = thickness(in) x width(in) x length(ft)/12.
2. One (1) board foot equals 1 inch x 12 inches x 12 inches. One (1) board foot equals 1 inch (thick) x 12 inches (width) x 1 foot (length). One (1) board foot equals 144 cubic inches.
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One (1) centimeter (cm) is equal to 0.3937 inches (in).
One (1) centimeter is equal to 0.01 meters (m).
One (1) centimeter is equal to 0.00001 kilometers (km).
One (1) centimeter is equal to 0.0328 feet.
One (1) centimeter is equal to 0.0497 links.
One (1) centimeter is equal to 0.0109 yards.
One (1) centimeter is equal to 0.002 rods, poles, or perches.
One (1) centimeter is equal to 0.0005 chains.
One (1) centimeter is equal to 0.00005 furlongs.
One (1) centimeter is equal to 0.000006 miles.
See the various Converting centimeters to... entries for conversion examples.
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A usually metal chain used to measure length and distance. Less commonly used in land surveys than a Gunter's or surveyor's chain, the engineer's or Ramsden's chain is 100 feet in length, with 100 1-foot links. The terms "engineer's chain" and "Ramsden's chain" apply primarily to the measuring utensil itself and not to any particular unit of length.
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A common forestry and land survey term that is equivalent to 66 linear feet. Often referred to as simply "chain", this term is more formally known as the surveyor's or Gunter's chain. A chain is broken into 100 equal parts, or links. One (1) mile is equal to 80 chains. A one (1) mile square piece of land (one section or 640 acres) is 80 chains on each side. Although an engineer's or Ramsden's chain is also used to measure length in surveys, the generic term "chain" when used in reference to land measurements refers to the unit of length (66 feet) represented by the Gunter's or surveyor's chain. For more chain conversions, equivalents, and examples, see Chain equivalents and conversions or the various Converting chains to... examples.
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A chain is broken into 100 equal parts, or links. A one (1) mile square piece of land (one (1) section or 640 acres) is 80 chains on each side.
One (1) chain is equal to 66 feet.
One (1) chain is equal to four (4) rods, poles, or perches.
One (1) chain is equal to 100 links.
One (1) chain is equal to 22 yards.
One (1) chain is equal to 20.12 meters.
One (1) chain is equal to 0.0125 miles.
One (1) chain is equal to 0.0201 kilometers (km).
One (1) chain is equal to 0.1 furlongs.
One (1) chain is equal to 792 inches.
One (1) chain is equal to 2,011.684 centimeters (cm).
See the various Converting chains to... entries for conversion examples.
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All property other than real property. Chattels are distinct from real property in that they are moveable (not attached or affixed). Exceptions are made for trade fixtures or furniture, fixtures, and equipment (FFE), which can be attached, but are still considered chattels. Also known as personalty or personal property, chattels can be tangible (things or objects owned) or intangible (rights and relationships that are included in ownership). Tangible chattels include all objects that one owns, such as vehicles, clothing, houseplants, small appliances, etc. Examples of intangible chattels include patents, copyrights, royalties, and community property relationships. Transfer of chattels is done through a bill of sale, a will, intestate succession, or by court order (judgment).
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