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Construction (Subscribe) Terms, definitions, and concepts related to construction methods and materials.

Land Terms

Base shell updated

A commercial or residential building with an unfinished interior and lacking heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC), and usually without lighting, plumbing, ceilings, or walls. A base shell is ready for warm shell or vanilla shell improvements (VSI), which are usually completed once the lease agreement has been signed.
Synonymous with grey shell or cold shell.

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Cold shell updated

A commercial or residential building with an unfinished interior and lacking heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC), and usually without lighting, plumbing, ceilings, or walls. A cold shell is ready for warm shell or vanilla shell improvements (VSI), which are usually completed once the lease agreement has been signed.
Synonymous with grey shell or base shell.

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Gray shell updated

A commercial or residential building with an unfinished interior and lacking heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC), and usually without lighting, plumbing, ceilings, or walls. A grey shell is ready for warm shell or vanilla shell improvements (VSI), which are usually completed once the lease agreement has been signed.
Synonymous with base shell or cold shell.

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Grey shell updated

A commercial or residential building with an unfinished interior and lacking heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC), and usually without lighting, plumbing, ceilings, or walls. A grey shell is ready for warm shell or vanilla shell improvements (VSI), which are usually completed once the lease agreement has been signed.
Synonymous with base shell or cold shell.

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HVAC

Heating, ventilating, and air conditioning.
A common abbreviation used in real estate listings and classified advertisements.

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Shell updated

1. A commercial or residential building with a finished exterior facade and landscaping and unfinished interior units, to allow for tenant improvements (TI) and the installation of furniture, fixtures, and equipment (FFE). "Base shell" and "grey shell" refer to a more or less unfinished interior. "Vanilla shell" refers to a minimally finished interior, usually with ceilings, lighting, plumbing, heating and cooling (HVAC,), interior walls (painted or unpainted), electrical outlets, rest rooms, and a concrete floor.
2. The completeness of a building at a specific stage of construction; usually refers to a completely finished exterior and a minimally finished or unfinished interior.

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Slab to slab

The entire area of an interior space, wall-to-wall and true ceiling to true floor. True ceiling height refers to the structural basis for an interior space and does not include suspended or "drop" ceilings. Likewise, true floor refers to the lowest structural unit, either the floor itself or the concrete slab underlying the floor.

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Slab-to-slab

The entire area of an interior space, wall-to-wall and true ceiling to true floor. True ceiling height refers to the structural basis for an interior space and does not include suspended or "drop" ceilings. Likewise, true floor refers to the lowest structural unit, either the floor itself or the concrete slab underlying the floor.

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Slab-to-slab improvements updated

Landlord-provided improvements to a grey shell or cold shell building, usually limited to the construction of interior partition walls.

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Tenant improvements (TI) updated

Interior structural changes made to a commercial or residential building prior to tenant occupancy. The nature and extent of such changes are varied and depend on the needs and desires of the future tenant. The tenant may take possession of a grey shell, vanilla shell, or completely improved interior space depending on these needs and desires. Responsibility for design of, installation of, and payment for tenant improvements is negotiated at the time of the lease agreement.
The landlord may furnish all or part of the tenant improvements, or may offer a financial incentive in the form of a tenant improvement allowance (TIA), usually on a per square foot basis. Landlord-provided tenant improvements can be either "under-ceiling" or "slab-to-slab".
Examples of tenant improvements may include HVAC systems, plumbing and wiring, partitions and interior walls, flooring, ceiling tiles, lighting, signs, shelving and storage, restroom fixtures, fire protection, and security systems.

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Under-ceiling improvements updated

Landlord-provided tenant improvements to a grey shell building that convert a cold, dark space to a warm, lit one. Also referred to as vanilla shell improvements (VSI), under-ceiling improvements vary by situation but usually include taped and ready-to-paint walls, suspended ceiling with lights, floor coverings, electricity and plumbing ready for the installation of outlets and fixtures, and window coverings.

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Vanilla shell updated

A commercial or residential building with a minimally finished interior, usually with ceilings, lighting, plumbing, heating and cooling (HVAC), interior walls (painted or unpainted), electrical outlets, rest rooms, and a concrete floor. A vanilla shell is considered ready to lease and ready for tenant improvements. Usually, vanilla shell improvements (VSI) are not completed until the lease agreement between the tenant and landlord has been negotiated and executed.

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Vanilla shell improvements (VSI) updated

Improvements made to a commercial or residential building resulting in a a minimally finished interior. VSI's usually include ceilings, lighting, plumbing, heating and cooling (HVAC), interior walls (painted or unpainted), electrical outlets, rest rooms, and a concrete floor. A vanilla shell is considered ready to lease and ready for tenant improvements. Usually, vanilla shell improvements are not completed until the lease agreement between the tenant and landlord has been negotiated and executed.

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Warm shell updated

A commercial or residential building with a minimally finished interior, a heating and cooling (HVAC) system, drop ceilings, plumbing and restrooms, and interior lighting. Warm shell improvements may also include interior walls and a concrete floor. "Warm shell" and "vanilla shell" are usually considered to be synonymous.

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